AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND RURAL AFFAIRS APPEAL TRIBUNAL
Annual Report 2024 – 2025
Message from the Chair
It is my pleasure to present the Annual Report of the Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal (Tribunal) for the year ending March 31, 2025. The report focuses on the Tribunal’s achievements for the year. On behalf of the members of the Tribunal, I wish to thank the Minister of Agriculture, Food and Agribusiness for the services provided to the Tribunal according to the Memorandum of Understanding.
The Tribunal serves as the adjudicative body for those who feel aggrieved by decisions made under various pieces of legislation under the auspices of the ministry.
The Tribunal continues to work hard to carry out its adjudicative mandate and achieve its goals. We recognize the need to provide a fair and effective appeal mechanism to clients who come before us, and we have endeavoured to meet clients’ needs and expectations in the past year.
In the last fiscal year, updates to the Agencies and Appointments Directive (AAD) came into effect on October 1, 2024, aimed at enhancing oversight and strengthening the governance of provincial agencies. The Tribunal has worked to integrate key requirements of the revised AAD to become more efficient, sustainable and accountable.
On behalf of the Tribunal members, I look forward to continuing to serve the agriculture and food sectors, as well as rural communities, throughout Ontario.
Yours truly,
Glenn Walker, Chair
Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal
Table of Contents
1.0 The Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal
1.2 Mission Statement of Tribunal
1.3 Values/Operating Principles.
What can be Appealed to the Tribunal?.
Additional Tribunal Authorities.
2.2 Who can Appeal to the Tribunal?.
3.1 Caseload Statistics for period of April 1, 2024, to March 31, 2025
5.2 Timeliness for Releasing Written Decisions after Hearings.
8.0 Appointees and Recruitment Activity.
8.1 2024–25 AFRAAT Members Remuneration
1.0 The Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal
The Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal (Tribunal) is an adjudicative agency of the Ontario government where decisions made by other bodies can be appealed or where applications and complaints can be heard pursuant to legislation that authorizes the Tribunal to hear those matters. The Chair and all Vice-Chairs also sit on a special roster to hear Agricultural Employees Protection Act, 2002 matters. All members are part-time per diem appointees appointed by the Lieutenant Governor in Council.
The Tribunal continues to hold its hearings electronically per Rule 18 of the Tribunal’s Rules of Procedure.
1.1 Mandate of Tribunal
Constituted under section 14 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Act (MAFRA Act), the mandate of the Tribunal is to provide an independent, accessible avenue of appeal on a variety of agricultural issues under the following provincial statutes and have them heard by an impartial and knowledgeable tribunal:
- the Agricultural Employees Protection Act, 2002
- the Agricultural Products Insurance Act, 1996
- the Agricultural Tile Drainage Installation Act
- the Animals for Research Act
- the Animal Health Act, 2009
- the Assessment Act
- the Beef Cattle Marketing Act
- the Commodity Board Members Act
- the Drainage Act
- the Farm Implements Act
- the Farm Registration and Farm Organizations Funding Act, 1993
- the Food Safety and Quality Act, 2001
- the Grains Act
- the Livestock Community Sales Act
- the Livestock and Livestock Products Act
- the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Act (for appeals of decisions made under the Farm Products Marketing Act and Milk Act)
1.2 Mission Statement of Tribunal
To provide a fair and impartial hearing and decision process for those who are aggrieved by a direction, policy, order, or decision, or who require the resolution of a dispute pursuant to legislation that falls under the mandate of the Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal.
1.3 Values/Operating Principles
The Tribunal values:
- Finding facts from evidence, leading to clearly reasoned and expressed decisions.
- Respect and consideration.
- Fairness and accessibility.
- Continuous professional development.
- Adherence to principles of the adjudicative process.
- Endeavoring to reach consensus in the decision-making process.
1.4 Governance
The Tribunal is governed by the Agency and Appointments Directive (AAD), the Travel, Meal and Hospitality Expenses Directive, and other applicable directives from the Ontario Treasury Board/Management Board of Cabinet. Tribunal members are made aware of the AAD and its requirements. All accountability and governance documents required for the Tribunal have been published on the Tribunal’s web page in accordance with the Adjudicative Tribunals Accountability, Governance and Appointments Act, 2009 (ATAGAA). Reimbursements of Tribunal members’ expenses were all within the guidelines of the Travel, Meal, and Hospitality Expenses Directive.
2.0 Appeals
2.1 Tribunal Authorities
What can be Appealed to the Tribunal?
- Any order, direction, decision, or policy of the local marketing boards or of a director made under the Farm Products Marketing Act or the Milk Act.
- Regulations of commodity boards.
- Orders, directions, or decisions of the Ontario Farm Products Marketing Commission that apply specifically to the aggrieved person, a group of persons of which the aggrieved person is a member, or with respect to a particular dispute or incident involving the aggrieved person.
- Commission regulations and policies, orders, directions, or decisions of the Commission that are of general application are not appealable to the Tribunal.
- A producer or commodity board who is of the opinion that a member of the commodity board has contravened the Commodity Board Members Act may apply to the Tribunal to determine whether the member has contravened the Act.
- A decision that results in the refusal to issue a licence, the refusal to renew a licence, or the suspension or revocation of a licence issued under the following Acts:
- the Agricultural Tile Drainage Installation Act, the Animals for Research Act, the Animal Health Act, 2009, the Grains Act, the Food Safety and Quality Act, 2001, the Livestock Community Sales Act, and the Livestock and Livestock Products Act
- Decisions of a Director to not include or remove premises (plants) from a list of plants that comply with the Beef Cattle Marketing Act and regulations.
- The eligibility of agricultural properties for the farm property tax class designation under the Assessment Act.
- Applications and appeals arising out of the application of the Farm Implements Act.
- Applications may arise from disputes between manufacturers or distributors and dealers of farm equipment, or between an end buyer and a dealer, distributor, or manufacturer. These disputes may relate to repair charges, warranties, repair parts, failure to perform, buy-back provisions, and serial number and safety standards.
- Appeals may also arise from a decision of a director related to the registration of a dealer or distributor.
- Complaints and applications under the Agricultural Employees Protection Act, 2002.
- May involve requests for access to employees on properties controlled by the employer or complaints regarding non-compliance with the Act.
- Appeals and applications under the Drainage Act include:
- Appeals pertaining to the engineer’s report and assessments under sections 48 and 54 of the Act.
- Appeals pertaining to the quality of the construction of a drainage works under section 64 of the Act.
- Appeals from decisions of a Municipal Council to not proceed with a petition for drainage works, or where the municipality has not decided within 30 days after the filing of a petition to proceed with a drainage works under Section 5 of the Act.
- Applications to correct an error in an engineer’s report or to vary assessments under sections 58(4) and 76 of the Act.
Additional Tribunal Authorities
The Drainage Act
- Tribunal jurisdiction ranges from adjudicating complaints about assessments and allowances, to evaluating requests for modification of the drainage works including complaints of quality of construction and directing a municipal council to proceed with drainage works after a petition for drainage has been filed.
- Its powers relate more to the operational or remedial provisions of the
The Farm Registration and Farm Organizations Funding Act, 1993
- The Tribunal accredits general farm organizations, determines the eligibility of a Francophone farm organization to receive special funding, and decides on applications for exemption from registration and/or payment as required by the Act where individuals or farm businesses object to payment and/or registration because these actions would be in contravention of their genuinely held religious convictions and/or beliefs.
The Agricultural Products Insurance Act, 1996 (formerly the Crop Insurance Act)
- Mandated to resolve all disputes arising out of the adjustment of loss under contracts of insurance between Agricorp and an insured person, provided the person has filed an appeal within the time allowed.
- It can also rule on whether a person qualifies for a contract of insurance, if Agricorp has denied coverage.
2.2 Who can Appeal to the Tribunal?
An appellant can be a landowner, a producer, a processor, a consumer, an employee, a transporter, a dealer, a manufacturer, a distributor, an unincorporated association, or any other person or group of individuals who has a statutory right to appeal or make an application to the Tribunal.
2.3 Powers
Powers of the Minister
Within 30 days after a decision has been made by the Tribunal under the MAFRA Act (arising from appeals of decisions made under the Farm Products Marketing Act or the Milk Act) and received by the Minister, the Minister may within 30 days, or within such longer period as may be determined by the Minister within the 30-day period:
- confirm, vary, or rescind the whole or any part of the decision
- substitute for the decision of the Tribunal such decision as the Minister considers appropriate; or
- by notice to the Tribunal, require the Tribunal to hold a new hearing of the whole or any part of the matter appealed to the Tribunal and reconsider its decision
Powers of the Courts
Decisions of the Tribunal with respect to licensing issues under the Agricultural Tile Drainage Installation Act, the Animal Health Act, 2009, the Animals for Research Act, the Beef Cattle Marketing Act, the Grains Act, the Livestock Community Sales Act, and the Livestock and Livestock Products Act may be appealed to the Superior Court of Justice (Divisional Court) in accordance with the rules of the Court. Decisions of the Tribunal under the Assessment Act and the Farm Implements Act may be appealed to Divisional Court on matters of law only. There are also limited appeals to the Referee under the Drainage Act. All decisions of the Tribunal may be subject to judicial review.
3.0 Highlights from 2022-23
In 2024-25 the Tribunal received a total of 146 new appeals/applications in addition to the 22 cases carried forward from previous fiscal years for a total of 168 cases.
By the end of the fiscal year, a total of 157 cases were closed.
3.1 Caseload Statistics for period of April 1, 2024 to March 31, 2025:
| Act | # of Cases Carried Over from Previous Fiscal Year | # of New Applications/ Appeals Received |
# of Cases Closed |
|
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Act |
4 | 5 | 7 |
| Farm Registration and Farm Organizations Funding Act – Religious Exemptions |
1 |
121 |
119 |
|
Drainage Act |
10 | 13 |
18 |
| Agricultural Products Insurance Act |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Food Safety and Quality Act |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Agricultural Employees Protection Act |
1 |
0 |
1 |
| Farm Implements Act |
1 |
1 | 1 |
|
Assessment Act |
4 | 6 |
10 |
|
Total |
22 | 146 |
157 |
Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Act (Appeals of Decisions made under the Farm Products Marketing Act or Milk Act)
In 2024-25, the Tribunal received a total of five new appeals under the MAFRA Act in addition to four appeals continuing from previous years. A total of seven matters under the MAFRA Act were closed.
Farm Registration and Farm Organizations Funding Act, 1993
The Farm Registration and Farm Organizations Funding Act, 1993 established a system which provides general farm organizations with a reliable source of funding. Under the Act, farm businesses with a gross farm income of $7,000 per annum or higher are required to register and to direct an annual registration fee to a farm organization that is accredited under the Act. Provision is also made for individuals to be granted exemptions from registering and/or making payment under the Act based on religious beliefs and convictions. Registrants may also apply for a refund directly with the accredited farm organization within a prescribed time.
In 2024-25, the Tribunal received 121 applications for a religious exemption under the Act in addition to one application carried over from the previous year. The Tribunal granted a total of 119 religious exemptions. Three applications were carried over to the next fiscal year.
Under the Farm Registration and Farm Organizations Funding Act, 1993, the Tribunal is also required to accredit qualifying general farm organizations and determine the eligibility of a Francophone farm organization to receive special funding every five years. The reaccreditation process was undertaken, and the Nation Farmers Union – Ontario, Ontario Federation of Agriculture, and the Christian Farmers Federation of Ontario were all reaccredited.
Drainage Act
The Tribunal’s practice is to hold a single hearing for all appeals made with respect to a single drainage works. Typically, there is more than one appellant on drainage appeals. Hearings under the Drainage Act have moved from in-person hearings held where the drainage works is located to virtual hearings.
In 2024-25, the Tribunal received new appeals relating to 13 drainage works and 10 matters were carried over from previous fiscal years for a total of 23 active matters. By the end of the fiscal year 18 appeals were closed.
Agricultural Products Insurance Act, 1996
The Tribunal received one appeal under this Act in 2024-25, which is still ongoing. It also closed one appeal that had carried over from the previous year.
Agricultural Employees Protection Act, 2002
The purpose of the AEPA is to protect the rights of agricultural employees while having regard to the unique characteristics of agriculture.
The Tribunal may hear complaints where it is alleged that there has been a contravention of the AEPA.
The Tribunal did not receive an appeal under this act in 2024-25 and closed one appeal that was carried over from the previous year.
Farm Implements Act
The Farms Implements Act has two main functions – first, to regulate farm implement dealers and distributors within the province and, second, to resolve disputes concerning farm implements between a purchaser, dealer, distributor, or manufacturer.
Any person who wishes to carry on the business of a farm implements dealer or distributor within the province must register with the Director of the Farm Implements Act. The Director may refuse to grant or renew or may suspend or revoke registration if the applicant or registrant is in breach of a condition of the registration or a provision of the Act or its regulations or would be if registered.
The Tribunal received one new application under this Act during the 2024-25 fiscal year. One application is ongoing to the next fiscal year.
Assessment Act
The Tribunal hears appeals referred to it by the Assessment Review Board regarding the eligibility of properties for the farm property class tax rate. Properties which receive the farm property class tax rate are assessed at up to 25 per cent of the residential tax rate.
In 2024-25, the Tribunal received six new appeals regarding farm property tax with four appeals carried forward from previous years. A total of ten Assessment Act matters were closed.
4.0 Financial Performance
4.1 Operating Expenditures
|
Category |
2024-25 |
2023-24 Actual |
||
|
Budget |
Actual | Variance | ||
|
Transportation and Communications |
$2,000.00 |
$434.00 |
$1,566.00 |
$1,063.33 |
| Services |
$134,500.00 |
$143,039.00 | -$8,539.00 |
$130,780.75
|
| Supplies and Equipment |
$2,000.00 |
$22.00 |
$1,978.00 |
1,790.66 |
| Total | $138,500.00 | $143,495.00 | -$4,995.00 |
$133,634.74
|
The Tribunal operates under an operational expenses budget allocated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Agribusiness and as such does not have its own audited financial statements. The Tribunal resource requirements are incorporated under the ministry’s business plan. The budget for operating expenses allocated will continue to be used to deliver on the Tribunal’s business priorities.
The Tribunal cannot predict how many new appeals will be brought forward by the public, clients, or stakeholders in any given fiscal year. Budget forecasting is based on trends in historical volumes of hearings, active matters that transcend the previous fiscal year, government fiscal policies or social, environmental, or economic factors that have the potential to impact the sector.
Variances such as the actual expenditure under Services between 2023-24 and 2024-25 can be explained by a variety of factors such as more matters making it to a hearing before a full panel, the duration of the hearings themselves, and the complexity of the cases which the panel considers. Legal services were also engaged relating to matters being heard by the Tribunal, as well as representing the Tribunal in matters before the Divisional Court.
5.0 Operational Performance
5.1 Expected Outcomes
- Efficient decision making and timely release of decisions.
- The Tribunal’s target is to release decisions within 30 days of completion of a hearing except for decisions under the MAFRA Act, which has a decision timeline of 20 days from the completion of a hearing.
5.2 Timeliness for Releasing Written Decisions after Hearings
The Tribunal measures the number of days it takes to release a decision after the conclusion of a hearing. In 2024-25, the Tribunal released decisions under the following Acts within the specified time frame:
| Act | Target number of days to release a decision | Average number of days to release a decision | Number of decisions released in 2024/25 | Number of Decisions Released within the Target Time in 2024/25 |
| Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Act | 20 | 39 | 4 | 2 (50%) |
| Farm Registration and Farm Organization Funding Act | 30 | 30 | 119 | 119(100%) |
| Drainage Act | 30 | 45.5 | 11 | 8 (73%) |
| Assessment Act | 30 | 32.5 | 5 | 3(60%) |
No decisions were released under any other acts in the 2024-25 fiscal year.
The Tribunal respects the need to meet the expectation that decisions be released in a timely manner. However, appeal matters have increased in complexity and more often involve multiple parties with legal representation. As a result, the Tribunal will continue to inform stakeholders that some decisions may take longer to complete depending on the complexity of the matter under appeal and the volume of evidence to be considered.
Note: For performance tracking purposes, the date a decision is released is used to designate the fiscal year in which it is tracked, rather than the date of the hearing.
5.3 Client Satisfaction
The Tribunal membership and support staff strive to provide excellent client service in the delivery of hearing services and actively pursue opportunities for continuous improvement.
During the 2024-25 fiscal year, the Tribunal made significant strides in enhancing client services through the digitization and enhancement of the Tribunal’s client survey:
- The survey was refreshed to improve accessibility, inclusivity, response rates, and the utility of the data being collected and covered a broader spectrum of critical areas related to the Tribunal’s services. These areas included access to information and the various appeal processes (pre-hearing conferences, hearings, decisions, withdrawals, and dismissals). By expanding the scope, the Tribunal sought to gain comprehensive insights into its performance and identify areas for improvement.
- Survey distribution was expanded so that surveys are now sent:
-
- After an appeal/application/complaint has been withdrawn;
- After a hearing is held and the Tribunal has released its decision; or
- If a matter was dismissed for another reason
Surveys were electronically sent to all clients who came before the Tribunal and 10 responses were received. The Tribunal aimed to attain an 80 per cent overall client satisfaction rate across all service areas.
Assessing client satisfaction from the 10 surveys collected, and measured against the 80 per cent client satisfaction rate, the Tribunal’s performance in expanded areas of assessment were as follows for the 2024-25 fiscal year:
Access to information:
- The Tribunal did not achieve its target overall satisfaction rate of 80% satisfied with the overall appeal/application process.
Appeal processes:
- Pre-hearing Conference Process:
- 50 per cent of respondents who completed a pre-hearing conference were either “Satisfied” or “Very satisfied.”
- 18 per cent had a neutral response, and only 9 per cent were dissatisfied.
- Hearing Process:
- 48 per cent of respondents who attended a hearing were either “Satisfied” or “Very satisfied.”
- 20 per cent had a neutral response, and 19 per cent were dissatisfied.
- Decision Process:
- Of the respondents whose matter went to a hearing, 86 per cent expressed satisfaction with the timeliness of the release of Tribunal decisions.
- Withdrawal Process:
- 100 percent of respondents involved in matters that were withdrawn expressed either “Satisfied” or “Very Satisfied” feedback.
- Dismissal Process:
- The sole respondent involved in a matter that was dismissed provided 100 per cent “Very Satisfied” feedback.
Overall Satisfaction with the Appeal Process:
- 70 per cent of respondents indicated they were “Satisfied” or “Very Satisfied” with the Tribunal’s appeal process. 20 per cent of respondents were “Neutral”, and 10 per cent indicated they were “Dissatisfied”.
These results provide valuable insights for the Tribunal to enhance its services and continue meeting client expectations.
6.0 Compliance with Requirements of the Adjudicative Tribunals Accountability, Governance and Appointments Act, 2009
The ATAGAA came into force (in part) on April 7, 2010. The purpose of the ATAGAA is to ensure that adjudicative tribunals are accountable, transparent, and efficient in their operations by having in place governance and public accountability documents, which include a Memorandum of Understanding, Business Plan and Annual Report; and a Mandate and Mission Statement, Consultation Policy, Service Standard Policy, Ethics Plan and Member Accountability Framework by April 1, 2012. The Tribunal continued to meet these requirements in the 2024-25 fiscal year.
7.0 Staff Resources
The ministry has employees who support and provide services to the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Agribusiness’s two adjudicative agencies, which includes the Tribunal. The ministry provides administrative and financial support through the Corporate Planning and Projects Unit, Business Services Branch, Research and Corporate Services Division. Legal services are provided to the Tribunal by the Ministry of the Attorney General through dedicated counsel at the Legal Services Branch of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Agribusiness.
8.0 Appointees and Recruitment Activity
The Tribunal is guided by the mission of the Public Appointments Secretariat to ensure the most qualified individuals having the highest personal and professional integrity serve the public on the province’s provincial agencies. All members of the Tribunal are appointed by the Lieutenant Governor-in-Council. Members come from various geographical areas throughout Ontario and have background and expertise in areas relating to agricultural production, processing, marketing, labour, consumer interests, and/or drainage matters. This broad expertise allows the Tribunal to address all appeals brought forward, including those requiring specialized technical knowledge.
During the 2024-25 fiscal year, one new Engineer Vice-Chair was appointed. The Tribunal also had one Engineer Vice-Chair decide against re-appointment in favour of retirement and one Lawyer Vice-Chair resign. Various other Vice-Chairs and Members, including the Tribunal Chair, have been re-appointed. Updated membership and respective term and compensation information for the Tribunal as of the 2024-2025 fiscal year is as follows:
8.1 2024–25 AFRAAT Members Remuneration
| Tribunal Members Remuneration for Services Provided During the 2024–25 Fiscal Year | ||||
| Name | Appointment Date | Expiry Date | Per Diem Remuneration Rate | Total Annual Remuneration (2024-2025) |
| Glenn Walker (Chair) | Jan 9, 2025 | Jan 8, 2030
|
$788 | $27,580.00 |
| Steve Moutsatsos (Vice-Chair) | May 6, 2023
|
May 5, 2026
|
$788 | $4,728.00 |
| Marc A. J. Huneault (Vice-Chair) | May 13, 2023
|
May 12, 2026 | $788 | $7, 092.00
|
| Robert Fuller (Vice-Chair) | Jun 3, 2023
|
Jun 2, 2026 | $788 | $12, 214.00
|
| Don McNalty (Vice-Chair) | Jul 8, 2023
|
Jul 7, 2026 | $583 | $4,372.50 |
| John Johnston (Vice-Chair) | Jul 8, 2023
|
Jul 7, 2026 | $583 | $2,332.00
|
| Will Bartlett (Vice-Chair) | Dec 12, 2024 | Dec 11, 2026 | $583 | $1,457.50 |
| Christine Greydanus (Vice Chair) | Jan 31, 2024
|
Jan 30, 2029 | $788 | $14,972.00 |
| Tricia Schouten (Vice-Chair) | Feb 28, 2024
|
Feb 27, 2029 | $788 | $11,426.00
|
| Brandi Neil (Vice-Chair) | May 2, 2024
|
May 1, 2029 | $788 | $7,092.00
|
| Andrew McBride
(Vice-Chair) |
Aug 17, 2017 | Aug 17, 2024 | $583 | $5,538.50 |
| Katie DeBlock Boersma
(Vice-Chair) |
Feb 28, 2019 | Feb. 27, 2029 | $788 | $6,698.00 |
| Sarah Judd (Member) | Jul 22, 2022
|
Jul 21, 2025 | $472 | $1,652.00
|
| Judy Dirksen (Member) | Apr 15, 2023
|
Apr 14, 2026 | $472 | $1,652.00
|
| Betty Ann MacKinnon (Member) | Apr 29, 2023
|
Apr 28, 2026 | $472 | $472.00
|
| David Stevens (Member) | Jun 20, 2024
|
Jun 19, 2029 | $472 | $1,416.00
|
| David Fawcett (Member) | Aug 29, 2024
|
Aug 28, 2029 | $472 | $1652.00
|
Copies of decisions are available online at www.canlii.org or may be requested from the Tribunal directly.
Media requests made to the Tribunal are addressed according to the Communications Protocol appended to the Memorandum of Understanding between the Minister and the Chair.
All inquiries to the Tribunal can be made as indicated below.
Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Appeal Tribunal
1 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 4Y2
Telephone: (519) 826-3433
Fax: (519) 826-4232
Toll Free: (888) 466-2372 ext. 519-826-3433
Email: AFRAAT@ontario.ca
Website: www.afraat.ca
This document is also available in French. Please contact the Tribunal at 519-826-3433 or by email at AFRAAT@ontario.ca to request a copy in French.